Spark jumping from terminal nut to plug shell
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Flashover is when the voltage sent to the spark plug does not fire between the center and ground electrodes within the combustion chamber. Instead, it shorts between the metal shell and the terminal nut on the plug exterior, causing the engine to misfire. This can occur when the air is highly ionized (such as on a stormy day), or when the insulator is dirty. To reduce flashover, the top portions of the insulator have 4 or 5 ribbed corrugations (depending on manufacturer).
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